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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of 2 parts, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the structure itself, which can be constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main categories: subterranean (entirely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (built above ground, but constantly connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the ground with ground contact and are created from earth and mud.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of now nest in wooden structures such as logs, stumps and the dead portions of trees, as did termites millions of years back.184.

To construct their nests, termites mostly utilize faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partially digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and timber ), and dirt, utilized in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not many nests are observable, as many nests in tropical woods are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are good examples of subterranean nest builders, as they only dwell inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds protect the termites' soft bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, in addition to providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made from carton are especially weak, and thus the inhabitants use counter-attack strategies against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change is caused by bacterial illness in the intestine of the termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building material. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon monoxide in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build intricate nests called polycalic nests; this habitat is called polycalism. Polycalic species of termites form multiple nests, or calies, connected by subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to possess polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests seem to be less frequent in mound-building species although polycalic arboreal nests have been found in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds should they protrude from the earth's surface. A mound provides termites the exact same protection for a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in regions with torrential and continuous rainfall are at risk of mound erosion due to their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can offer protection from the rain, and in fact can withstand high precipitation.

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By way of example, Cubitermes colonies construct narrow tunnels used as strong points, since the width of the tunnels is small enough for troops to obstruct.192 A highly protected chamber, known as the"queens mobile", houses the queen and king and is employed as a last line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably construct the most complex structures in see this the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the largest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 ft ), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can build nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 feet) high and 2.5 metres (8 feet) wide.

The sculptured mounds occasionally have elaborate and distinctive forms, like those of their compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which assembles tall, wedge-shaped mounds using the long axis oriented approximately northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to assist thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase rapidly during the morning while avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shelter tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that start from the ground. These shield tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a period of higher humidity, these tubes offer protection to termites from potential predators, particularly ants.198 Shelter tubes also provide high humidity and darkness and permit employees to accumulate food resources that cannot be accessed in any other way.197 These passageways are produced from soil and faeces and are normally brown in colour.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in diameter, but might extend dozens of metres in length.198.

Owing to their own wood-eating customs, many termite species can do significant damage to unprotected buildings and other wooden structures.199 Termites play an important function as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans happens where structures and landscapes containing structural wood components, cellulose derived visit this site structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a trusted supply of food and moisture.200;Their habit of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are seriously damaged, leaving a thin coating of a wall which protects them from your environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause damage; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species have an economic effect; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.